Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and therapy. However, their potential toxicity remains a considerable concern. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It investigates various aspects, inclu

Zinc oxide is a substance renowned for its remarkable power to protect delicate skin. This calming component has long been employed in a number of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its exceptional protective qualities. Creating a physical shield on the skin's surface, zinc oxide effectively blocks harmful sunlight,